Conditions
It’s good to be informed about your condition. For information on causes, symptoms and orthotic treatments available, browse the list below or click the body template on the right.
Condition Type
Back
Orthotics for
Common back conditions
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Is a form of arthritis which mainly affects the lower portion of the back….
Chronic Low Back Pain
Is a long term condition in which there is regular pain in the lower area of the back. Symptoms may be constant or intermittent and can be due to a variety of pathologies….
Hyper Kyphosis
Is a condition where the normal kyphotic (forward bending) curve in the upper back becomes significantly increased….
Osteoarthritis – Back
Is a degenerative condition of the vertebral joints (those between the individual bones of the back) whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn….
Osteoporosis of the spine
Is a degenerative condition of the spine in which the solid part of bone gradually becomes thinner and weaker….
Scoliosis
Is a condition whereby a sideways or lateral curve develops in the spinal column. It may consist of a single or double curve and may be structural or postural….
Slipped disc
Is a condition whereby the normal ring like shape of an intervertebral disc (the cushioning ring of cartilage between individual vertebrae (spinal bones) is interrupted by a bulging prominence….
Spina Bifida
Is a condition whereby the nerves and bones of the spine do not develop correctly. The term literally means “split” or “open” spine….
Spinal Fracture
Is a condition in which one or more of the spinal vertebra (bones) becomes cracked or broken. It may be as a result of injury (traumatic) or degenerative changes (pathological)….
Spondylolisthesis
Is a condition in which a spinal vertebra (bone) slides forwards in relation to the bone immediately below it….
Condition Type
Elbow
Orthotics for
Common elbow conditions
Golfer’s elbow
Is a condition characterised by pain in the area of the inside of the elbow joint, usually related to overuse of the muscles of the forearm….
Tennis elbow
Is a condition characterised by pain in the area of the outside of the elbow joint, usually related to overuse of the muscles of the forearm….
Condition Type
Foot & Ankle
Orthotics for
Common foot & ankle conditions
Ankle Injury
Is a general term for any trauma or damage which occurs to the ankle joint. The nature of the injury will cover a variety of problems….
Ankle Sprain
Is an injury to the soft tissues of the ankle caused by a sudden excessive force applied to it. The most common cause is an inward or outward movement of the ankle….
Achilles Tendonitis
Is an inflammatory condition of the thick tendon which attaches the calf muscle to the calcaneus (heel bone) which cauises pain at the back of the heel….
Congenital Talipes Equino Varus – (CTEV)
Is a condition which affects the structural development of the feet as the baby develops in the womb….
Diabetes
Is a disease which is characterised by high blood sugar levels. This can be due to a lack of insulin production or an inability to use the insulin produced effectively….
Flat Foot
Is the more common term which is used to describe over pronation and describes a foot which rolls in excessively….
Foot Drop
Is a condition characterised by an inability to actively pull the foot upwards, which can be particularly problematic as the leg swings through the air when walking….
Foot Ulcers
An ulcer is an area of breakdown in the skin tissue which prevents it from performing its normal function. It is often related to increased pressures….
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Is a condition whereby the protective sheath surrounding nerve fibres (myelin sheath) is damaged. It is the most common degenerative neurological condition which affects young adults….
Osteoarthritis – Ankle
Is a degenerative condition of the joints whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn….
Osteoarthritis – Foot
Is a degenerative condition of the joints of the foot whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn….
Over Pronation
Is a condition where the feet roll inwards excessively. This can cause various symptoms in the legs and back pain….
Over Supination
Is a condition where the foot rolls outwards excessively and tends to be quite stiff and immobile….
Polio
Is a disease caused by a virus which can damage nerve cells involved in muscle function leading to paralysis….
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – Ankle
Is a chronic (long term) inflammatory disease which primarily affects the synovial joints (the most mobile joints in the body)….
Cerebral Palsy (CP) – foot and ankle
Is a condition which affects posture, coordination and movement and is caused by a brain injury before, during or after birth (during early childhood)….
Spina Bifida
Is a condition whereby the nerves and bones of the spine do not develop correctly. The term literally means “split” or “open” spine….
Achilles Tendinopathy
Is another term for Achilles Tendonitis. It is a frequent cause of pain at the back of the heel and in the calf and is characterised by degeneration of the Achilles Tendon….
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Bunion / Hallux Valgus
Is a condition affecting the joint at the base of the big toe in which it becomes deformed….
Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT)
Is a disease which affects the motor (dealing with movement) and sensory (dealing with the ability to feel) nerves in the arms and legs….
Stroke (CVA).
Is a condition involving a sudden neurological (nerve related) deficit or change which is caused by an interruption to blood flow to the brain….
Fractured Metatarsal
Is a break or crack in any one of the five metatarsal bones of the foot. It can have various causes….
Hallux Rigidus
Is a condition affecting the joint at the base of the big toe in which it becomes stiffened and unable to move….
Heel Spur
Is a small bony outgrowth under the base of the calcaneus (heel bone) which can make walking painful….
Metatarsalgia
Is a condition which is usually characterised by a burning sensation in the ball of the foot in line with the metatarsal heads….
Morton’s Neuroma
Is a painful condition affecting the base of the toes (usually 3rd and 4th). The associated pain is usually sharp and severe….
Plantar Callous
Is an area of hard skin which develops on the underside of the foot and can be caused by various factors….
Plantar Fasciitis
Is a common inflammatory condition of the sheet of connective tissue which runs underneath the foot (the plantar fascia)….
Sesamoiditis
Is an inflammatory condition of the two small bones (sesamoid bones) located underneath the great toe near its base….
Severs Disease
Is a condition which causes pain where the achilles tendon attaches to the back of the calcaneus (heel bone) and is most common in active children….
Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction
Is a condition caused by changes in the tendon of the tibialis posterior muscle which impairs its ability to support the medial (inner) arch of the foot and results in flattening of the foot….
Toe Deformities
Is any condition of the toes which causes disruption to or deviation from the normal alignment or position of the toe joints….
Motor Neurone Disease (MND) – ankle
Is a progressive degenerative disease which attacks nerve cells which deal with movement (motor neurones) leading to weakness of muscles….
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – Foot
Is a chronic (long term) inflammatory disease which primarily affects the synovial joints (the most mobile joints in the body) of the foot….
Shin Splints
A condition characterised by pain at the front of the lower leg. Symptoms occur at the front inside of the shin bone and can arise from a number of causes….
Leg Length Discrepancy
Is a condition in which one of the lower limbs is shorter than the other. This may be due to injury, developmental abnormality or degenerative changes….
Condition Type
Hip
Orthotics for
Common hip conditions
Congenital Dislocation of the Hip (CDH)
Is a condition whereby the ball and socket joint of the hip does not stay in its normal articulation due to developmental problems with either bony or soft tissue….
Hip Dislocation
Occurs when the femoral head (the top part of the thigh bone) slips out of its articulation with the socket in the pelvis (hip bone)….
Iliotibial Band Syndrome – ITBS
Is a condition characterised by pain on the outside of the lower thigh due to inflammation of the thick band of fibrous tissue which runs along the outside of the leg from the hip to just below the knee….
Perthes Disease
Is a condition where the femoral head, the top of the thigh bone which articulates with the hip bone (pelvis) becomes soft and crumbles….
Osteoarthritis – Hip
Is a degenerative condition of the hip joint whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn….
Spina Bifida
Is a condition whereby the nerves and bones of the spine do not develop correctly. The term literally means “split” or “open” spine….
Fractured neck of femur
Occurs when the part of the femur (thigh bone) which connects the head (the ball shaped top) with the shaft (the long straight part of the thigh bone) is cracked or broken….
Leg Length Discrepancy
Is a condition in which one of the lower limbs is shorter than the other. This may be due to injury, developmental abnormality or degenerative changes….
Condition Type
Knee
Orthotics for
Common knee conditions
Anterior Cruciate (ACL) injury
The ACL is one of the four main stabilising knee ligaments and resists forward movement of the tibia (shin bone) relative to the femur (thigh bone)….
Anterior Knee Pain (AKP)
Is a generic term for any pain occurring in the front (anterior) part of the knee. It can be caused through a variety of pathologies…..
Cartilage Injury
Is a condition whereby there is damage to the cartilage structures which act as shock absorbers for the knee joint….
Collateral (ligament) Injury
There are two collateral ligaments, one on the inside and one on the outside of the knee which provide medio-lateral (side to side) stability. They are part of the four main stabilising ligaments of the knee….
Cerebral Palsy (CP) Knee
Is a condition which affects posture, coordination and movement and is caused by an injury to the brain before, during or after birth (during early childhood)….
Knee Injury
Is an umberella term for any injury or trauma which affects the knee joint. The types of injury can vary greatly in severity and how they affect the knee….
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Is a condition whereby the protective sheath surrounding nerve fibres (myelin sheath) is damaged. It is the most common degenerative neurological condition which affects young adults….
Osteoarthritis – Knee
Is a degenerative condition of the knee joint whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn…..
Osgood Schlatters Disease
Occurring usually in early teenagers, it is a disease which causes pain and swelling just below the knee….
Patella maltracking
Is a condition whereby the patella (knee cap) does not run smoothly along its normal pathway when the knee is moved through flexion (bending) and extension (straightening)….
Posterior Cruciate (PCL) injury
The PCL is one of the four main stabilising ligaments of the knee and resists backwards movement of the tibia (shin bone) relative to the femur (thigh bone)….
Polio
Is a disease caused by a virus which can damage nerve cells involved in muscle function leading to paralysis….
Quadriceps weakness
Is a condition characterised by reduced strength of the major muscle group at the front of the thigh (the quadriceps group) and can affect knee stability….
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – Knee
Is a chronic (long term) inflammatory disease which primarily affects synovial joints (the most mobile joints in the body)….
Runner Knee
Is a condition caused by an imbalance of the thigh muscles and is also referred to as Patella-femoral pain syndrome….
Valgus Knee/Varus Knee
Is a condition whereby the normal knee alignment (position) from the front, moves into a position of Valgus (knock knee) or Varus (bow leg)….
Spina Bifida
Is a condition whereby the nerves and bones of the spine do not develop correctly. The term literally means “split” or “open” spine….
Stroke (CVA).
Is a condition involving a sudden neurological (nerve related) deficit or change which is caused by an interruption to blood flow to the brain….
Shin Splints
A condition characterised by pain at the front of the lower leg. Symptoms occur at the front inside of the shin bone and can arise from a number of causes….
Leg Length Discrepancy
Is a condition in which one of the lower limbs is shorter than the other. This may be due to injury, developmental abnormality or degenerative changes….
Condition Type
Neck
Orthotics for
Common neck conditions
Iliotibial Band Syndrome – ITBS
Is a condition characterised by pain on the outside of the lower thigh due to inflammation of the thick band of fibrous tissue which runs along the outside of the leg from the hip to just below the knee….
Osteoarthritis – Neck
Is a degenerative condition of the vertebral joints (those between the individual bones of the neck) whereby the smooth articulating surfaces become roughened and worn….
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – Neck
Is a chronic (long term) inflammatory disease which primarily affects the synovial joints (the most mobile joints in the body) in the neck….
Hyper Kyphosis
Is a condition where the normal kyphotic (forward bending) curve in the upper back becomes significantly increased….
Motor Neuron Disease MND
Is a progressive degenerative disease which attacks nerve cells which deal with movement (motor neurones) leading to weakness of muscles….
Condition Type
Shoulder
Orthotics for
Common shoulder conditions
Shoulder dislocation
Is an injury to the shoulder which causes the normal articulation of the shoulder joint to become deranged (dislocated)….
Brachial Plexus Injury
Is an injury to the collection of nerves which originate near the neck and shoulder area….
Condition Type
Wrist & Hand
Orthotics for
Common wrist & hand conditions
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
Is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the semicircular arrangement of the carpal (wrist) bones known as the carpal tunnel….
Dupuytren’s contracture
Is a condition whereby the tissues on the palm become thickened, leading to a contracture (bending) of one or more fingers….
Radial nerve palsy
Is an injury to the radial nerve often associated with a fracture of the humerus (upper arm bone) or by prolonged compression of the nerve….
Wrist fractures
Is an injury whereby one or more bones of the wrist are cracked or broken….
Condition Type
Other
Other common conditions
Leg Length Discrepancy
Is a condition in which one of the lower limbs is shorter than the other. This may be due to injury, developmental abnormality or degenerative changes….
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